1. An adult who is experiencing respiratory distress will have:
A.labored breathing.
B.a loud, raspy voice.
C.audible breath sounds.
D.movement of the chest wall.


2. Which of the following patients is breathing MOST adequately?
A.A 22-year-old man with regular respirations at a rate of 28 breaths/min, whose skin is pale
B.A 59-year-old woman with difficulty breathing, whose respirations are rapid and shallow
C.A 36-year-old man with cyanosis around the lips and irregular respirations
D.A 29-year old woman with respirations of 28 breaths/min, who is conscious and alert


3. The process in which oxygen enters the blood as we inhale and carbon dioxide and waste products are removed as we exhale is called:
A.inhalation.
B.physiology.
C.respiration.
D.metabolism.


4. All of the following are acute causes of dyspnea and hypoxia, EXCEPT:
A.COPD.
B.pulmonary embolism.
C.airway obstruction.
D.spontaneous pneumothorax.


5. A patient with emphysema (COPD) is complaining of increased difficulty breathing. His respirations are 32 breaths/min. What would explain the rapid respiratory rate in this patient?
A.An overall increase in the amount of arterial oxygen
B.An increase in the level of venous carbon dioxide
C.A decrease in the level of arterial carbon dioxide
D.A decrease in the level of arterial oxygen


6. Which of the following respiratory diseases would result in obstruction of the lower airways?
A.Croup
B.Epiglottitis
C.Pneumonia
D.A cold


7. A child with breathing problems will make snoring or barking noises because:
A.it is a certain way to get attention.
B.there is fluid buildup in the lungs.
C.of higher relative lung volumes with rapid exhalation.
D.the larynx and trachea are smaller and less rigid than those in an adult.


8. You are called to care for a 2-year-old girl who is in respiratory distress. The patient's mother states that her daughter had been "mildly" ill for the past two days and then developed respiratory difficulty. You assess the child's airway and notice that she is having stridorous breathing and a cough that resembles that of a "barking seal." Which of the following respiratory diseases does she most likely have?
A.Epiglottitis
B.Pneumonia
C.Croup
D.Asthma


9. Which of the following statements about epiglottitis is true?
A.It is more common in adults.
B.It is usually a viral infection in children.
C.Suctioning a child with epiglottitis might cause airway obstruction.
D.Fluid collects in the lungs and might cause respiratory depression.


10. Breathing difficulties after a sting or a bite may progress to:
A.COPD.
B.sepsis.
C.asthma.
D.anaphylaxis.


11. Prescribed inhalers are useful for some forms of dyspnea because they:
A.slow the patient's pulse.
B.contain a sedative.
C.constrict breathing passages.
D.dilate breathing passages.


12. A 56-year-old man, who was recently released from the hospital for a hip replacement, complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing and sharp chest pain. During your initial assessment, you note that the patient is cyanotic and has a respiratory rate of 32 breaths/min. Which of the following should you suspect?
A.Hyperventilation syndrome
B.Acute emphysema
C.Bacterial pneumonia
D.Pulmonary embolism


13. A patient who has just had a severe asthma episode is now very sleepy. This indicates that the patient:
A.might stop breathing.
B.does not need transport.
C.has recovered from the attack.
D.is probably having a drug reaction.


14. An acute bacterial infection that results in swelling of the flap over the larynx is called:
A.croup.
B.asthma.
C.epiglottitis.
D.diphtheria.


15. A 70-year-old man who recently suffered from an acute myocardial infarction complains of severe difficulty breathing, especially when lying flat. He is coughing up pink, frothy secretions. This patient is suffering from:
A.acute right heart failure.
B.severe left heart failure.
C.an acute onset of bronchitis.
D.an acute pulmonary embolism.


16. A 17-year-old girl, who recently broke up with her boyfriend, is complaining of difficulty breathing. When you assess her, you find that she is conscious with a respiratory rate of 38 breaths/min. She is also complaining of tingling in her hands. If she remains in this condition for a prolonged period of time, she will develop:
A.respiratory failure.
B.respiratory alkalosis.
C.respiratory acidosis.
D.metabolic acidosis.


17. The generic name for Proventil (Ventolin), which is a beta-agonist, is:
A.brethine.
B.metaprel.
C.alupent.
D.albuterol.



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