1. When checking respirations on a child younger than 3 years of age, you should:
A.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 15 seconds.
B.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 30 seconds.
C.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 10 seconds.
D.count the number of times the abdomen rises and falls in 30 seconds.


2. When assessing and monitoring an infant's heart rate, it is important to remember that:
A.as hypoxia worsens, the infant's heart rate will increase.
B.the heart rate is the primary compensatory mechanism against hypoxia.
C.the infant's heart rate can only reach a maximum of 160 beats/min.
D.the primary site to obtain an infant's pulse is at the radial artery.


3. You are assessing an acutely ill infant who is showing signs of hypoxia. Which of the following would be the MOST accurate in determining the infant's perfusion status?
A.Auscultating the infant's systolic blood pressure
B.Noting whether or not the child is aware of the date
C.Squeezing the finger and observing for return of blood to the area
D.Talking to the infant and noting his or her response to your questions


4. Which of the following statements is FALSE with regard to infants?
A.They usually learn to coo, smile, and rollover during the first few months.
B.Infants typically experience a high level of anxiety when around strangers.
C.Crying is one of the infant's main avenues for expressing pain or fear.
D.At first, infants respond mainly to light, warmth, cold, and hunger.


5. While assessing a 2-year-old with signs of significant dehydration, you note the heart rate to be 140 beats/min. You recall that:
A.this is outside the normal range for a 2-year-old.
B.this is slightly lower than you would expect to see.
C.this is within the normal range for this age group.
D.this is significantly higher than what is should be.


6. You are transporting a child who is critical, yet being effectively managed by you and your EMT-B partner. What instructions should you give to your driver with regard to the destination hospital?
A.Transport the child to the closest hospital, even if it is not a pediatric center.
B.Transport the child 30 miles farther than a community hospital to a pediatric center.
C.Bypass a closer hospital and transport the child to a pediatric center that is 10 miles farther.
D.Bypass a pediatric center and transport the child to the family's hospital that is 10 miles farther.


7. You are called to a residence for a child in respiratory distress. When you arrive, you find a 3-year-old ventilator-dependent child with a tracheostomy tube. As you assess respirations, you hear a gurgling sound and note that the child's respiratory rate is higher than what the ventilator is set at. You care for this patient includes:
A.detaching the ventilator and providing positive-pressure ventilation with a BVM device.
B.removing the ventilator from the tracheostomy tube and suctioning the tube.
C.repositioning the child's airway and reassessing the child's respirations.
D.turning off the ventilator and applying a pediatric nonrebreathing mask.


8. A frantic mother calls EMS because the ventilator that her child is dependent upon is malfunctioning and she fears that it will stop working altogether. The best way for the EMT-B to manage this situation is to:
A.repair the ventilator and monitor the child for signs of increased hypoxia.
B.remove the ventilator from the tube and attach a BVM device.
C.remove the tracheostomy tube and provide assisted breathing with a pocket mask.
D.call for an ALS unit to perform endotracheal intubation on the child.


9. The MOST significant complication associated with a gastrostomy tube in a child is:
A.infection around the gastrostomy tube site.
B.significant bleeding from around the gastrostomy tube site.
C.aspiration of backed up contents into the lungs.
D.malnourishment of the child due to inadequate feeding.


10. An important aspect of managing a child who requires special devices, such as ventilators, shunts, and gastrostomy tubes, includes:
A.ensuring the parent of the child that you are familiar with all of these devices.
B.removing the parents from the room as you assess and manage the child.
C.disconnecting these devices if you are not familiar with them and providing basic care.
D.including the parent in the management of the child, as they are familiar with these devices.


11. A child with a central intravenous line in place is bleeding significantly from the insertion site. How should the EMT-B most effectively manage this situation?
A.Apply direct pressure to the site and provide prompt transport.
B.Remove the IV line and apply direct pressure while you transport.
C.Clamp off the tubing of the IV line and immediately transport.
D.Gently advance the catheter into the skin until the bleeding stops.


12. The purpose of a shunt is to:
A.minimize pressure within the skull.
B.drain excess fluid from the abdomen.
C.instill food directly into the stomach.
D.reroute blood from the right side of the heart to the body.


13. In addition to airway maintenance, an important consideration during transport of a small child or infant includes:
A.allowing the parent to hold the child during transport.
B.expediating transport to the hospital before the child deteriorates.
C.ensuring that the child is properly warmed during transport.
D.completely encapsulating the newborn in a silver swaddler.


14. When checking respirations on a child less than 3 years of age, you should:
A.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 15 seconds.
B.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 30 seconds.
C.count the number of times the chest rises and falls in 10 seconds.
D.count the number of times the abdomen rises and falls in 30 seconds.



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