1. With regard to pediatric anatomy, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.The occipital lobe is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
B.Airway obstruction in children is more common due to their large uvula.
C.The trachea of a small child is more rigid and less prone to collapse.
D.Relative to the overall size of their airway, the epiglottis is smaller.


2. When assessing the airway of a 2-year-old child, it is important to position the airway by:
A.hyperextending the head to align the airway.
B.hyperflexing the head to prevent obstruction.
C.placing the head in a slightly flexed position.
D.placing the head in a neutral sniffing position.


3. A child has swallowed a moderate quantity of motor oil. He is unconscious and unresponsive. In managing his airway, the EMT-B should avoid:
A.placing a nasopharyngeal airway.
B.placing an oropharyngeal airway.
C.using a tongue depressor as it may stimulate vomiting.
D.avoid applying pressure on the chin when opening the mouth.


4. You are called to a residence for a 4-year-old girl with an acute onset of respiratory distress. The child is conscious, but agitated. Her respirations are 30 breaths/min and slightly labored. Which of the following oxygen-delivery devices is MOST appropriate for this child?
A.A venturi mask
B.A nasal cannula
C.A simple face mask
D.A nonrebreathing mask


5. A young child presents with severe respiratory distress. He is lethargic with respirations of 40 breaths/min with reduced tidal volume. The MOST appropriate form of airway management for this patient should include:
A.the use of 100% supplemental oxygen.
B.some form of positive-pressure ventilation.
C.a pediatric nonrebreathing mask.
D.a pediatric nasal cannula.


6. After assessing the heart rate of a newly born infant, you find that it is 80 beats/min. You must initiate:
A.chest compressions.
B.positive-pressure ventilation.
C.aggressive warming of the newborn.
D.transport to the hospital immediately.


7. As you are assessing a child with a 2-day history of vomiting and diarrhea, you note that the child is crying but not producing tears. Additionally, you note that his skin turgor is poor. Which of the following signs would you be LEAST likely to see?
A.Hypotension.
B.Tachycardia.
C.Mottled skin.
D.Delayed capillary refill.


8. You are attempting to resuscitate an infant with suspected sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). An important aspect in dealing with such cases includes:
A.discouraging the parents from accompanying the child to the hospital.
B.remembering that most SIDS cases can be successfully resuscitated.
C.carefully inspecting the environment in which the infant was found.
D.focusing all of your attention on the child, with little parental interaction.


9. A mother brings her 6-year-old daughter into your EMS station. She states that the child has been complaining of a severe headache for the past day. As you are assessing the child, you note that her skin is hot to the touch. Her overall appearance is that of a very ill child. You should be MOST suspicious for:
A.dehydration.
B.meningitis.
C.hypovolemia.
D.accidental poisoning.


10. You receive a call for a seizing child. When you arrive at the scene, the 3-year-old's grandmother tells you that the child has had multiple seizures over the last 15 minutes, but never really woke up. This is MOST indicative of:
A.a febrile seizure.
B.a grand mal seizure.
C.an absence seizure.
D.status epilepticus.


11. The preferred method of inserting an oral airway in a child is to:
A.insert the airway with the curvature towards the roof of the mouth and then rotate it 180 degrees.
B.hold the tongue down by using a tongue depressor and inserting the airway straight in.
C.simply slide the airway into place.
D.not to use oral airways in children.


12. Nasalpharyngeal airways should not be used on patients:
A.who have no gag reflex.
B.with a possible basal skull fracture.
C.who are conscious.
D.under the age of 12.


13. When using the blow-by technique for ventilating a child, the EMT-B must remember that:
A.the blow-by technique might deliver too much oxygen to the patient.
B.the blow-by technique does not provide a high concentration of oxygen.
C.most children would rather have an oxygen face mask.
D.the blow-by technique is only used on unconscious children.


14. In caring for a newborn, in addition to securing an airway and breathing, the infant should be:
A.placed on a papoose.
B.dried and kept warm.
C.dried and kept cool.
D.ventilated with a BVM device.


15. Chest compressions for a newborn should be given at a rate of:
A.80 to 100 beats/min.
B.100 beats/min.
C.120 beats/min.
D.60 to 80 beats/min.


16. In performing CPR on a child, the sternum should be compressed:
A.½ to 1 inch.
B.1 to 1 ½ inches.
C.1 ½ to 2 inches.
D.¼ to ½ inch.


17. Chest compressions on an infant should be performed with:
A.two hands.
B.one hand.
C.two fingers.
D.both thumbs.


18. A seizure that accompanies a high fever, is of short duration, and requires no special treatment beyond airway maintenance is called:
A.an epileptic seizure.
B.a grand mal seizure.
C.a focal motor seizure.
D.a febrile seizure.


19. Which of the following conditions is an infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord?
A.Rubella
B.Rubeola
C.Meningitis
D.Diphtheria


20. You are called to a scene where a 5-year-old child has ingested a poison. The child is awake and responsive. You should first:
A.consult medical control.
B.give the child syrup of ipecac.
C.give the child activated charcoal.
D.give the child an injection of epinephrine.


21. Treatment of an unconscious child who has swallowed a poison should include:
A.giving the child a dose of activated charcoal.
B.giving the child a dose of syrup of ipecac in a glass of water.
C.sticking your finger down the child's throat to induce vomiting.
D.making sure the airway is open and providing prompt transport.


22. What is the most common cause of dehydration in children?
A.Fever
B.Vomiting and diarrhea
C.Trouble breathing
D.Abdominal pain


23. The most dangerous fevers in children are those caused by:
A.heatstroke.
B.dehydration.
C.hypothermia.
D.heat exhaustion.


24. You respond to a call where you suspect sudden infant death syndrome. The most appropriate course of action would be to:
A.call law enforcement in case of foul play.
B.begin BLS measures and transport the infant.
C.ignore the parents until they are able to calm down.
D.immobilize the infant to a backboard and transport.


25. A fever greater than _____ is considered abnormal in a child.
A.98.9°F
B.101°F
C.100.4°F
D.99°F



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